Fluorosis

When the discussion warrants it, here are some points regarding fluorosis to share with families:

• Fluorosis is a disturbance of the tooth’s enamel that occurs if the developing tooth is exposed to too much fluoride.
• Daily overexposure to systemic fluoride as the tooth is being formed (between 3 months and 8 years), such as drinking water high in fluoride content or swallowing large amounts of toothpaste, can result in fluorosis. (Note: In some parts of the world, fluoride levels are as high as 95 ppm; in the US optimum fluoride concentration is 0.7 ppm.)  
• Fluorosis produces a cosmetic change in the tooth that is often unnoticeable but can appear as white specks on the tooth. Severe fluorosis appears as brown markings on the tooth that can be pitted. While mild fluorosis is preferable to cavities, it is best to prevent severe fluorosis. The risk of fluorosis goes away after the tooth has developed.
• Intake of excessive quantities of fluoride can result in fluorosis (in the US, rarely moderate-severe).